Notice: Function _load_textdomain_just_in_time was called incorrectly. Translation loading for the google-analytics-for-wordpress domain was triggered too early. This is usually an indicator for some code in the plugin or theme running too early. Translations should be loaded at the init action or later. Please see Debugging in WordPress for more information. (This message was added in version 6.7.0.) in /customers/9/e/2/bloodgenetics.com/httpd.www/wp-includes/functions.php on line 6114 Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /customers/9/e/2/bloodgenetics.com/httpd.www/wp-includes/functions.php:6114) in /customers/9/e/2/bloodgenetics.com/httpd.www/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1893 Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /customers/9/e/2/bloodgenetics.com/httpd.www/wp-includes/functions.php:6114) in /customers/9/e/2/bloodgenetics.com/httpd.www/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1893 Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /customers/9/e/2/bloodgenetics.com/httpd.www/wp-includes/functions.php:6114) in /customers/9/e/2/bloodgenetics.com/httpd.www/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1893 Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /customers/9/e/2/bloodgenetics.com/httpd.www/wp-includes/functions.php:6114) in /customers/9/e/2/bloodgenetics.com/httpd.www/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1893 Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /customers/9/e/2/bloodgenetics.com/httpd.www/wp-includes/functions.php:6114) in /customers/9/e/2/bloodgenetics.com/httpd.www/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1893 Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /customers/9/e/2/bloodgenetics.com/httpd.www/wp-includes/functions.php:6114) in /customers/9/e/2/bloodgenetics.com/httpd.www/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1893 Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /customers/9/e/2/bloodgenetics.com/httpd.www/wp-includes/functions.php:6114) in /customers/9/e/2/bloodgenetics.com/httpd.www/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1893 Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /customers/9/e/2/bloodgenetics.com/httpd.www/wp-includes/functions.php:6114) in /customers/9/e/2/bloodgenetics.com/httpd.www/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-server.php on line 1893 {"id":1143,"date":"2018-04-19T10:32:06","date_gmt":"2018-04-19T10:32:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bloodgenetics.com\/?page_id=1143"},"modified":"2023-12-07T14:53:53","modified_gmt":"2023-12-07T14:53:53","slug":"panel-disqueratosis-congenita-codigo-10110","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/bloodgenetics.com\/panel-disqueratosis-congenita-codigo-10110\/","title":{"rendered":"Panel de disqueratosis cong\u00e9nita (C\u00f3digo 10110)"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row type=”vc_default” bg_type=”bg_color” bg_override=”full” css=”.vc_custom_1495359430130{margin-bottom: -70px !important;padding-top: 30px !important;padding-bottom: 40px !important;}” bg_color_value=”#f7f7f7″][vc_column]

SOLICITAR ESTUDIO<\/span><\/a><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Estudios gen\u00e9ticos por Paneles NGS<\/strong>
\nPanel de disqueratosis cong\u00e9nita (C\u00f3digo 10110)<\/strong><\/p>\n

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La disqueratosis cong<\/strong>\u00e9nita <\/strong>(DC) (OMIM #127550, #224230, #305000, #613987, #613988, #613989, #613990, #615190, #616353) es una enfermedad multisist\u00e9mica de muy baja incidencia (<1\/1.000.000 de reci\u00e9n nacidos), con defectos en el mantenimiento de los tel\u00f3meros cromos\u00f3micos. Se caracteriza principalmente por alteraciones mucocut\u00e1neas, de la que destaca la tr\u00edada cl\u00e1sica: leucoplasia oral, distrofia ungueal y alteraci\u00f3n de la pigmentaci\u00f3n cut\u00e1nea (Zinnser, 1906). Estas manifestaciones no necesariamente se presentan en todos los individuos, ni al diagn\u00f3stico ni a lo largo de la enfermedad. Los s\u00edntomas pueden ser muy variables, tanto para el momento de aparici\u00f3n de \u00e9stos en un mismo individuo como para las manifestaciones en miembros de una misma familia. Otros \u00f3rganos principalmente afectados son la m\u00e9dula \u00f3sea (80% de fallo medular antes de los 30 a\u00f1os), el pulm\u00f3n y el h\u00edgado, en que su par\u00e9nquima es sustituido por grasa o fibrosis, afectando su funci\u00f3n. Otras manifestaciones pueden ser: alteraciones del crecimiento, alteraciones de cabeza y cuello (microcefalia, estrabismo, cataratas\u2026), estenosis esof\u00e1gica, leucoplasia de la mucosa anal, alteraciones genitourinarias, osteoporosis, retraso mental, ataxia, inmunodeficiencia, o neoplasias (carcinoma escamoso, carcinoma pancre\u00e1tico, leucemia aguda mielobl\u00e1stica o linfoma de Hodgkin)<\/p>\n

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Los tel\u00f3meros son exanucle\u00f3tidos (TTAGGG) que se acortan en cada divisi\u00f3n celular; existe un complejo telomerasa que act\u00faa de protector de los tel\u00f3meros, favoreciendo su extensi\u00f3n aunque de forma incompleta, y un complejo regulador, protector de la actividad telomerasa, denominado shelterina. Un acortamiento excesivo de los tel\u00f3meros comporta la apoptosis o muerte celular, de manera que las c\u00e9lulas pierden la capacidad de replicarse antes de lo que cabr\u00eda esperar para su edad.<\/p>\n

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Los pacientes con DC presentan mutaciones en genes que codifican para el complejo telomerasa y para el complejo protector o shelterina.<\/p>\n

La presentaci\u00f3n m\u00e1s frecuente de la enfermedad es la producida por mutaciones en el gen DKC1<\/em><\/strong>, que codifica para la prote\u00edna disquerina y es de herencia ligada al X. Sin embargo, recientemente se han descrito mutaciones en otros genes implicados (POT1, TERC, TERD, PARN<\/em><\/strong>\u2026)<\/p>\n

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El diagn\u00f3stico diferencial debe hacerse junto con otros s\u00edndromes de fallo medular cong\u00e9nito (anemia de Fanconi, anemia de Blackfan-Diamond y s\u00edndrome de Swachman-Diamond), aplasia medular adquirida y fibrosis pulmonar idiop\u00e1tica en pacientes j\u00f3venes.<\/p>\n

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El tratamiento debe ir dirigido a los \u00f3rganos afectados; el fallo medular es una de las complicaciones m\u00e1s frecuentes y tempranas, cuyo \u00fanico tratamiento curativo es el trasplante de progenitores hematopoy\u00e9ticos (TPH) con acondicionamiento de intensidad reducida (el acondicionamiento mieloablativo est\u00e1 contraindicado por la elevada toxicidad relacionada con el procedimiento). El TPH debe realizarse sin demora en pacientes con pancitopenia grave y donante compatible. En caso contrario, se ha demostrado respuesta a derivados androg\u00e9nicos (50-70% de los casos) como la oximetolona y el danazol. En aquellos pacientes sin otras alternativas, debe realizarse soporte transfusional.<\/p>\n

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Las principales causas de muerte se relacionan con el fallo de m\u00e9dula \u00f3sea, el c\u00e1ncer y la enfermedad pulmonar, en particular la fibrosis. El c\u00e1ncer suele desarrollarse despu\u00e9s de la tercera d\u00e9cada. Los tumores malignos s\u00f3lidos m\u00e1s frecuentes son el carcinoma de c\u00e9lulas escamosas de cabeza y cuello.<\/p>\n

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Referencias<\/strong><\/p>\n

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  1. Ghemlas I, Li H, Zlateska B, Klaassen R, Fernandez CV, Yanofsky RA et al. Improving diagnostic precision, care and syndrome definitions using comprehensive next-generation sequencing for the inherited bone marrow failure syndromes. J Med Genet. 2015;52:575-84.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
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    1. Dietz AC, Mehta PA, Vlachos A, Savage SA, Bresters D, Tolar J et al. Current Knowledge and Priorities for Future Research in Late Effects after Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Inherited Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes: Consensus Statement from the Second Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Consortium International Conference on Late Effects after Pediatric Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2017;23:726-735.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
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      1. Savage SA. Dyskeratosis Congenita. In: Adam MP, Ardinger HH, Pagon RA, Wallace SE, Bean LJH, Stephens K, Amemiya A, editors. GeneReviews\u00ae. Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle; 1993-2018. Updated 2016.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
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        1. Alter BP, Giri N, Savage SA, Rosenberg PS. Cancer in dyskeratosis congenita. 2009;113:6549-57<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
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          1. Mart\u00ednez P1, Blasco MA. Telomeric and extra-telomeric roles for telomerase and the telomere-binding proteins. Nat Rev Cancer. 2011;11:161-76<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
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            1. Bertuch AA. The molecular genetics of the telomere biology disorders. RNA Biol. 2016;13:696-706<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
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              1. Dokal I. Dyskeratosis congenita. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2011;480-6<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                  \n
                1. Fern\u00e1ndez Garc\u00eda MS, Teruya-Feldstein J. The diagnosis and treatment of dyskeratosis congenita: a review. J Blood Med. 2014;5:157-67<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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